一句话介绍：除渲染函数 API 和 scoped-slot 语法之外，其余均保持不变或者将通过另外构建一个兼容包来兼容 2.x。展开原文Since it’s a new major, there is going to be some breaking changes. However, we take backwards compatibility seriously, so we want to start communicating these changes as soon as possible. Here’s the currently planned public API changes:
一句话介绍：更优良的内部模块解耦；TypeScript；更易于贡献的代码库。展开原文We are re-writing 3.0 from the ground up for a cleaner and more maintainable architecture, in particular trying to make it easier to contribute to. We are breaking some internal functionalities into individual packages in order to isolate the scope of complexity. For example, the observer module will become its own package, with its own public API and tests. Note this does not affect framework-level API— you will not have to manually import individual bits from multiple packages in order to use Vue. Instead, the final Vue package is assembled using these internal packages.The codebase is also now written in TypeScript. Although this will make proficiency in TypeScript a pre-requisite for contributing to the new codebase, we believe the type information and IDE support will actually make it easier for a new contributor to make meaningful contributions.
一句话介绍：更加全面、精准、高效；更具可调试性的响应跟踪；以及可用来创建响应式对象的 API。展开原文 3.0 will ship with a Proxy-based observer implementation that provides reactivity tracking with full language coverage. This eliminates a number of limitations of Vue 2’s current implementation based on Object.defineProperty :3.0 将带来一个基于 Proxy 的 observer 实现，它可以提供覆盖语言 (JavaScript——译注) 全范围的响应式能力，消除了当前 Vue 2 系列中基于 Object.defineProperty 所存在的一些局限，如：
一句话简介：更小巧，更快速；支持摇树优化；支持 Fragments 和跨组件渲染；支持自定义渲染器。展开原文- Smaller: the new codebase is designed from the ground up to be tree-shaking friendly. Features such as built-in components (, ) and directive runtime helpers (v-model) are now imported on-demand and tree-shakable. The constant baseline size for the new runtime is <10kb gzipped. In addition, features being tree-shakable also allows us to offer more built-in features down the road without incurring payload penalties for users that don’t use them.- Faster: on preliminary benchmarks, we are seeing up to 100% performance improvement across the board, including raw Virtual DOM mounting & patching (we learned quite a few tricks from Inferno, the fastest Virtual DOM implementation out there), component instance initialization and data observation. 3.0 will shave off half the time spent in JavaScript when your app boots up.Fragments & Portals: despite the size reduction, 3.0 comes with built-in support for Fragments (component returning multiple root nodes) and Portals (rendering a sub-tree in another part of the DOM, instead of inside the component).- Improved slots mechanism: All compiler-generated slots are now functions and invoked during the child component’s render call. This ensures dependencies in slots are collected as dependencies for the child instead of the parent. This means that: 1. when slot content changes, only the child re-renders; 2. when the parent re-renders, the child does not have to if its slot content did not change. This change offers even more precise change detection at the component tree level, so even fewer useless re-renders!- Custom Renderer API: a first-class API for creating custom renderers will be available, and no longer requires forking the Vue codebase with custom modifications. This will make it much easier for render-to-native projects like Weex and NativeScript Vue to stay up-to-date with upstream changes. It would also make it trivially easy to create custom renderers for various other purposes.
译注：摇树优化，是一种在打包时去除没用到的代码的优化手段，谷歌有一篇教程可以了解下: Reduce JavaScript Payloads with Tree Shaking
译注：关于 Portal ，你可以将其理解为跨组件渲染或者异地渲染，vue-portal 是一个第三方实现，可以了解一下；Fragments 特性也有一个第三方库，但译者认为这个库的内部实现不够完善，叫做 vue-fragments，感兴趣可以了解一下。
一句话介绍：“摇树友好”的输出；更多的 AOT 优化；更良好的解析错误；支持 source map。展开原文- When targeting tree-shaking-capable bundlers, templates that make use of optional features will generate code that imports those features using ES modules syntax. Unused optional features are thus dropped from the final bundle.- Due to improvements in the new Virtual DOM implementation, we are also able to perform more effective compile-time optimizations such as static tree hoisting, static props hoisting, compiler-hints for runtime to skip children normalization, VNode creation fast paths, etc…- We plan to rewrite the parser to provide location information in template compilation errors. This should also lead to template source map support, and the new parser can serve as the foundation for 3rd party tooling integration, such as eslint-plugin-vue and IDE language services.
一句话介绍：IE 11 将受到支持，但将会是另外构建一个版本 (build) 的形式支持，不过这个版本会存在与 Vue 2.x 响应式机制所存在的同样的局限。展开原文The new codebase currently targets evergreen browsers only and assumes baseline native ES2015 support. But alas, we know a lot of our users still need to support IE11 for the foreseeable future. Most of the ES2015 features used can be transpiled / polyfilled for IE11, with the exception for Proxies. Our plan is to implement an alternative observer with the same API, but using the good old ES5 Object.defineProperty API. A separate build of Vue 3.x will be distributed using this observer implementation. However, this build will be subject to the same change detection caveats of Vue 2.x and thus not fully compatible with the “modern” build of 3.x. We are aware that this imposes some inconvenience for library authors as they will need to be aware of compatibility for two different builds, but we will make sure to provide clear guidelines on this when we reach that stage.新的代码库目前只针对主流浏览器，而且我们假定他们都支持 ES2015。但是，哎，我们也知道在可预见的未来还有很多用户仍然需要支持 IE11。除了 Proxy 外，大多数 ES2015 的特性都可以用转译或者垫片的方式在 IE11 中使用。我们的计划是另外单独实现一个具有同样 API 的替代性 observer，不过是基于老式的 Object.defineProperty API；然后再通过单独构建一个使用这个实现的 Vue 3.x 版本 (build) 进行发布，不过这个单独的版本还是会有 Vue 2.x 在变动探测方面所存在的问题，所以它其实并不是一个完全兼容 3.x 的一个版本。我们也意识到这会给第三方库的作者们带来某些不便，因为他们需要考虑两个不同版本之间的兼容性问题，不过当我们真的推进到那个阶段时，那时我们肯定会确保提供一份清晰的指导 (关于如何处理这个问题的指导——译注) 。
奈斯
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