[学习交流] 【广州校区】+RPC框架之Dubbo

本帖最后由 wujianhui 于 2019-6-27 15:00 编辑

一、RPC介绍
RPC是Remote Procedure Call Protocol的缩写，也叫远程过程调用协议，是一种通过网络从远程计算机程序上请求服务，而不需要了解底层网络技术的协议。简单点来说，RPC使得程序能够像访问本地系统资源一样，去访问远端系统资源。
二、RPC运行原理
RPC运行时,一次客户机对服务器的RPC调用,其内部操作大致有如下十步：

1.调用客户端句柄；执行传送参数
2.调用本地系统内核发送网络消息
3.消息传送到远程主机
4.服务器句柄得到消息并取得参数
5.执行远程过程
6.执行的过程将结果返回服务器句柄
7.服务器句柄返回结果，调用远程系统内核
8.消息传回本地主机
9.客户句柄由内核接收消息
10.客户接收句柄返回的数据

三、RPC主流框架之Dubbo
目前基于RPC的主流框架有Avro，RMI，Hessian，Dubbo等，而Dubbo是阿里巴巴公司开源的一个高性能优秀的服务框架，使得应用可通过高性能的 RPC 实现服务的输出和输入功能，可以和 Spring框架无缝集成。
Dubbo框架结构包括注册中心，监控中心，服务提供者，服务消费者。
四、Dubbo简单案例
1.服务提供者
创建工程添加依赖

[XML] 纯文本查看 复制代码

<properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo相关
                dubbo: 2.6.6(是dubbo被收购之前的最后一个版本)
         -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.32.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                    <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
            <version>0.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

创建测业务接口：

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public interface HelloService {
	String sayHello(String name);
}

实现类：

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@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
	public String sayHello(String name) {
		System.out.println(name);
		return "hello ： " + name;
	}
}

添加配置文件applicationContext.xml

[XML] 纯文本查看 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--配置服务提供者-->
    <!--配置应用名称-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_provider"></dubbo:application>
    <!--配置注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.112.129:2181"></dubbo:registry>
    <!--配置服务协议:端口(从20881开始)-->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20882"></dubbo:protocol>
    <!--配置dubbo注解的包扫描-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.myself.service"></dubbo:annotation>
</beans>

创建测试类启动服务：

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public class Provider {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
		context.start();
		System.in.read(); // 按任意键退出
	}
}

2.服务消费者
创建工程，添加依赖

[XML] 纯文本查看 复制代码

<properties> 
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>  
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>  
    <spring.version>5.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version> 
  </properties>  
  <dependencies> 
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>  
      <version>${spring.version}</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <!-- dubbo相关 -->  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  
      <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>  
      <version>2.6.6</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>io.netty</groupId>  
      <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>  
      <version>4.1.32.Final</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>  
      <artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>  
      <version>4.0.0</version>  
      <exclusions> 
        <exclusion> 
          <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>  
          <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> 
        </exclusion> 
      </exclusions> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>  
      <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>  
      <version>3.4.7</version> 
    </dependency>  
    <dependency> 
      <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>  
      <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>  
      <version>0.1</version> 
    </dependency> 
  </dependencies>

创建控制器：

[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码

@Controller
public class HelloController {
	/**
	 * 远程调用dubbo服务
	 */
	@Reference
	private HelloService helloService;

	/**
	 * 请求的方法
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public @ResponseBody String sayHello() {
		String str = helloService.sayHello("dubbo");
		System.out.println(str);
		return str;
	}
}

添加配置文件applicationContext.xml

[XML] 纯文本查看 复制代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--消费者配置-->

    <!--1.springmvc的相关配置-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.myself.controller"></context:component-scan>
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!--2.dubbo的相关配置-->
    <!--i.dubbo应用名称-->
    <dubbo:application name="dubbodemo_consumer"></dubbo:application>
    <!--ii.注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.112.129:2181"></dubbo:registry>
    <!--iii.dubbo的包扫描-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.myself.controller"></dubbo:annotation>

    <!--
        4项配置，2个注解
    -->
    <!--
        check = true  （正式系统）
            在项目启动的时候，检查服务提供者是否存在
        check = false （测试阶段）
            在项目启动的时候，不检查（调用的时候检查是否存在）
    -->
    <dubbo:consumer check="false"></dubbo:consumer>
</beans>

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[学习交流] 【广州校区】+RPC框架之Dubbo

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