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过滤器模式
过滤器模式(Filter Pattern)或标准模式(Criteria Pattern)是一种设计模式,这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象,通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式,它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。
实现
我们将创建一个 Person 对象、Criteria 接口和实现了该接口的实体类,来过滤 Person 对象的列表。CriteriaPatternDemo,我们的演示类使用 Criteria 对象,基于各种标准和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。
步骤 1
创建一个类,在该类上应用标准。
Person.java
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 public class Person {

       private String name;
       private String gender;
       private String maritalStatus;

       public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){
          this.name = name;
          this.gender = gender;
          this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;        
       }

       public String getName() {
          return name;
       }
       public String getGender() {
          return gender;
       }
       public String getMaritalStatus() {
          return maritalStatus;
       }  
    }
步骤 2
为标准(Criteria)创建一个接口。

Criteria.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
import java.util.List;

    public interface Criteria {
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);
    }
步骤 3
创建实现了 Criteria 接口的实体类。

CriteriaMale.java
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import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;

    public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {

       @Override
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
          List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<Person>(); 
          for (Person person : persons) {
             if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
                malePersons.add(person);
             }
          }
          return malePersons;
       }
    }
CriteriaFemale.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;

    public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {

       @Override
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
          List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<Person>(); 
          for (Person person : persons) {
             if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")){
                femalePersons.add(person);
             }
          }
          return femalePersons;
       }
    }
CriteriaSingle.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;

    public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {

       @Override
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
          List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<Person>(); 
          for (Person person : persons) {
             if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
                singlePersons.add(person);
             }
          }
          return singlePersons;
       }
    }
AndCriteria.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
import java.util.List;

    public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {

       private Criteria criteria;
       private Criteria otherCriteria;

       public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
          this.criteria = criteria;
          this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria; 
       }

       @Override
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
          List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);      
          return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
       }
    }
OrCriteria.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
import java.util.List;

    public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {

       private Criteria criteria;
       private Criteria otherCriteria;

       public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
          this.criteria = criteria;
          this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria; 
       }

       @Override
       public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
          List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
          List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);

          for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
             if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
             firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
             }
          }    
          return firstCriteriaItems;
       }
    }
步骤4
使用不同的标准(Criteria)和它们的结合来过滤 Person 对象的列表。

CriteriaPatternDemo.java
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
          List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<Person>();

          persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
          persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
          persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
          persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
          persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
          persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));

          Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
          Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
          Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
          Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
          Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);

          System.out.println("Males: ");
          printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));

          System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
          printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));

          System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
          printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));

          System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
          printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
       }

       public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){
          for (Person person : persons) {
             System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName() 
                +", Gender : " + person.getGender() 
                +", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus()
                +" ]");
          }
       }      
    }
步骤 5
验证输出。
[Java] 纯文本查看 复制代码
Males: 
    Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : John, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Married ]
    Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

    Females: 
    Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
    Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]

    Single Males: 
    Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

    Single Or Females: 
    Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
    Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]

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