本帖最后由 Jessie001 于 2019-3-21 10:03 编辑
看代码观察现象:
public class TestInteger {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Integer a =127;
Integer b =127;
System.out.println(a==b);
a=128;
b=128;
System.out.println(a==b);
a=-127;
b=-127;
System.out.println(a==b);
a=-128;
b=-128;
System.out.println(a==b);
a=-129;
b=-129;
System.out.println(a==b);
}
}
结果:
true
false
true
true
false
结果说明 在值域为 [-128,127]之间,用==符号来比较Integer的值,是相等的。为啥会有这样的结果呢?因为Integer内部特别处理了这之间的数。
观看源码:
/**
* Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
* -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
*
* The cache is initialized on first usage. The size of the cache
* may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
* During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
* may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
* sun.misc.VM class.
*/
private static class IntegerCache {
static final int low = -128;
static final int high;
static final Integer cache[];
static {
// high value may be configured by property
int h = 127;
String integerCacheHighPropValue =
sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
try {
int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
i = Math.max(i, 127);
// Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
} catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
// If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
}
}
high = h;
cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
int j = low;
for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
// range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
}
private IntegerCache() {}
}
这是Integer的静态内部类,在Integer类装入内存中时,会执行其内部类中静态代码块进行其初始化工作,做的主要工作就是把 [-128,127]之间的数包装成Integer类并把其对应的引用存入到cache数组中,这样在方法区中开辟空间存放这些静态Integer变量,同时静态cache数组也存放在这里,供线程享用,这也称静态缓存。我们知道在Java的对象是引用的,所以当用Integer 声明初始化变量时,会先判断所赋值的大小是否在-128到127之间,若在,则利用静态缓存中的空间并且返回对应cache数组中对应引用,存放到运行栈中,而不再重新开辟内存。
如此,便导致了上面Integer比较用==比较结果为true的情况发生。
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