[技术笔记] 【成都校区】关于sql语句的练习

p2122409

本帖最后由小刀葛小伦于 2018-5-3 15:18 编辑

      大家都知道，在面试中有一个重要环节就是笔试，而笔试中有个重要的环节，就是sql语句！

      可见sql语句，是我们找工作当中非常重要的知识点，很多小伙伴面对众多的sql不知道如何选择！
   那么好！

   福利来了，大家找工作前，把这个sql语句练好，就没问题了！
第一：创建表和表关系，并插入数据
注意：这里的数据是少量的数据，大家可以多加一些，导入你最喜欢的三国人物数据就ok

[SQL] 纯文本查看 复制代码

--班级表--
CREATE TABLE class(     
cid INT NOT NULL,    
caption VARCHAR(10), 
PRIMARY KEY(cid)
);
INSERT INTO class VALUES(1,"三年二班"),(2,"一年三班"),(3,"三年一班");
--老师表--
CREATE TABLE teacher(     
tid INT NOT NULL,    
tname VARCHAR(10),
PRIMARY KEY(tid) 
);
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES(1,"曹老师"),(2,"刘老师"),(3,"孙老师");
--学生表--
CREATE TABLE student(     
sid INT NOT NULL,  
sname VARCHAR(10),
gender VARCHAR(10),  
class_id INT,
PRIMARY KEY(sid),
FOREIGN KEY(class_id) REFERENCES class(cid)
);
INSERT INTO student VALUES(1,"大乔","女",1),(2,"小乔","女",1),(3,"关羽","男",2);
--课程--
CREATE TABLE course(     
cid INT NOT NULL,    
cname VARCHAR(10), 
teacher_id INT,
PRIMARY KEY(cid),
FOREIGN KEY(teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(tid)
);
INSERT INTO course VALUES(1,"骑马",1),(2,"射箭",1),(3,"画画",2);
--成绩表--
CREATE TABLE score(     
sid INT NOT NULL,    
student_id INT,
corse_id INT,
number INT,
PRIMARY KEY(sid),
FOREIGN KEY(student_id) REFERENCES student(sid),
FOREIGN KEY(corse_id) REFERENCES course(cid)
);
INSERT INTO score VALUES (1,1,1,60),(2,1,2,59),(3,2,2,100);

第二：按照如下条件，进行操作

1、自行创建测试数据
2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
6、查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所选课程中任意一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；
14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；
16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩；
17、按平均成绩从低到高显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示：学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；
19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；
20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；
21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况)
22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；
23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；
24、查询男生、女生的人数；
25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；
26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；
27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；
28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；
29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；
30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
31、求选了课程的学生人数
32、查询选修“杨艳”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；
33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；
34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；
35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；
36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；
37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；
38、查询没学过“叶平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；
39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；
40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；
41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；

第三：先自行完成上面的题目，然后再对比如下的sql，进行检查！~

[SQL] 纯文本查看 复制代码

1、自行创建测试数据

2、查询“生物”课程比“物理”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；
    SELECT * FROM
        (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num FROM score LEFT JOIN course on score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="生物") AS A
     INNER JOIN 
        (SELECT score.student_id,course.cname,score.num FROM score LEFT JOIN course on score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="物理") AS B
        on A.student_id = B.student_id WHERE A.num > B.num;
        
3、查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩；
    SELECT B.student_id,student.sname,B.s_num FROM (SELECT student_id,avg(num) AS s_num from score GROUP BY student_id HAVING s_num>60) as B
        LEFT JOIN student on B.student_id = student.sid;  取前三： %ORDER BY s_num desc LIMIT 3;

4、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；
    SELECT score.student_id,student.sname,COUNT(score.course_id) AS courses,SUM(num) as T_Score FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN student on score.student_id=student.sid GROUP BY score.student_id;
        
5、查询姓“李”的老师的个数；
    SELECT * from teacher WHERE tname like "李%";
    
6、查询没学过“李平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student WHERE student.sid NOT IN (
        SELECT score.student_id FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id = course.cid WHERE score.course_id IN (
            SELECT course.cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id = teacher.tid WHERE teacher.tname LIKE "李平%") GROUP BY score.student_id)
    
7、查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT B.sid,B.sname FROM(
        SELECTstudent.sid,score.course_id,student.sname FROM score
            LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id = student.sid WHERE score.course_id BETWEEN 1 AND 2) AS B
        GROUP BY B.sid HAVING COUNT(B.course_id)=2;

8、查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid WHERE score.course_id in 
        (SELECT course.cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher on course.teacher_id=teacher.tid WHERE tname LIKE "李平%") 
            GROUP BY student.sid HAVING COUNT(student_id)=2;

9、查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT A.sid,A.sname,A.num as score_2,B.num as score_1 FROM
        (SELECT student.sid,student.sname,score.num FROM score LEFT JOIN student on score.student_id=student.sid WHERE score.course_id=2) AS A
        INNER JOIN
        (SELECT student.sid,student.sname,score.num FROM score LEFT JOIN student on score.student_id=student.sid WHERE score.course_id=1) AS B
            ON A.sid = B.sid WHERE A.num<B.num;
    
10、查询有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student WHERE sid IN
        (SELECT score.student_id FROM score WHERE score.num<60 GROUP BY student_id);

11、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student WHERE sid in 
        (SELECT student_id FROM score GROUP BY student_id HAVING count(course_id)!=(SELECT COUNT(cid) FROM course));
    
12、查询至少有一门课与学号为“001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student where student.sid in 
        (SELECT score.student_id FROM score WHERE course_id in 
            (SELECT score.course_id FROM score WHERE student_id=1) and student_id !=1 GROUP BY student_id);
    
13、查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所选课程中任意一门课的其他同学学号和姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student where student.sid in 
        (SELECT score.student_id FROM score WHERE course_id in 
            (SELECT score.course_id FROM score WHERE student_id=1) and student_id !=1 GROUP BY student_id 
                having count(1) =(SELECT count(score.course_id) FROM score WHERE student_id=1));

14、查询和“002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名；
        
    SELECT sid AS 学号,sname AS 姓名 FROM student WHERE sid IN(
    SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE student_id IN (
        SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE student_id!=2 GROUP BY student_id 
            HAVING COUNT(1)=(SELECT COUNT(1) FROM score WHERE student_id=2))
                AND course_id in (SELECT course_id FROM score WHERE student_id=2) 
                    GROUP BY student_id HAVING COUNT(1)=(SELECT COUNT(1) FROM score WHERE student_id=2))

15、删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录；
    DELETE FROM score WHERE course_id IN
        (SELECT cid FROM course LEFT JOIN teacher on course.teacher_id=teacher.tid WHERE tname="李平老师")

16、向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：①没有上过编号“002”课程的同学学号；②插入“002”号课程的平均成绩； 
    1、INSERT into score(student_id,course_id,num) 
            SELECT student_id,2,(SELECT AVG(num) FROM score WHERE course_id=2) FROM score WHERE course_id!=2 group by student_id
            
    --2、SELECT AVG(num) FROM score WHERE course_id=2 --
    
17、按平均成绩从低到高显示所有学生的“语文”、“数学”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,语文,数学,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分；
    SELECT student_id AS 学生ID,
        (SELECT num FROM score LEFT JOIN course on score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="语文" AND student_id=s1.student_id) AS 语文,
        (SELECT num FROM score LEFT JOIN course on score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="数学" AND student_id=s1.student_id) AS 数学,
        (SELECT num FROM score LEFT JOIN course on score.course_id=course.cid WHERE course.cname="英语" AND student_id=s1.student_id) AS 英语
            FROM score as s1 GROUP BY student_id;
    
18、查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分；
    SELECT score.course_id AS 课程ID,course.cname as 课程名,MAX(num) as 最高分,MIN(num) as 最低分 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY course_id;
        

19、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序；
    
    平均分：
    SELECT score.course_id AS 课程ID,course.cname as 课程名,AVG(num) AS 平均分 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY score.course_id ORDER BY 平均分 ASC;
    及格率：
    SELECT A.cid,A.cname,ROUND(B.s/A.ss*100,1)+% AS 及格率 FROM
        (SELECT cid,cname,COUNT(course_id) AS ss FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY course_id) as A
            INNER JOIN
        (SELECT course_id,COUNT(num) as s FROM score WHERE score.num>60 GROUP BY course_id) as B ON A.cid=B.course_id ORDER BY 及格率 DESC;
    整合：
    SELECT x.课程ID,x.课程名,x.平均分,xx.及格率 FROM
    (SELECT score.course_id AS 课程ID,course.cname as 课程名,AVG(num) AS 平均分 FROM score 
            LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY score.course_id ORDER BY 平均分 ASC) AS x 
    LEFT JOIN
    (SELECT A.cid,A.cname,ROUND(B.s/A.ss*100,1) AS 及格率 FROM
        (SELECT cid,cname,COUNT(course_id) AS ss FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY course_id) as A
            INNER JOIN
        (SELECT course_id,COUNT(num) as s FROM score WHERE score.num>60 GROUP BY course_id) as B ON A.cid=B.course_id ORDER BY 及格率 DESC) AS xx
ON x.课程ID=xx.cid 
    
    标准：
    SELECT course_id,AVG(num) AS 平均分,ROUND(sum(CASE WHEN num<60 then 0 ELSE 1 END)/sum(1)*100,1) AS 及格率 
        FROM score GROUP BY course_id ORDER BY 平均分 ASC,及格率 DESC;


20、课程平均分从高到低显示（现实任课老师）；
    SELECT course.cname,teacher.tname,xxx.平均分 FROM course
        LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id=teacher.tid 
        LEFT JOIN (SELECT course_id,AVG(num) AS 平均分 FROM score GROUP BY course_id) AS xxx ON xxx.course_id=course.cid
        ORDER BY xxx.平均分 DESC

21、查询各科成绩前三名的记录:(不考虑成绩并列情况) 
    SELECT s1.cid AS 课程ID,s1.cname AS 课程,
        (SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id=s1.cid GROUP BY num ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 0,1) AS 第一,
        (SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id=s1.cid GROUP BY num ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 1,1) AS 第二,
        (SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id=s1.cid GROUP BY num ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 2,1) AS 第三
    FROM course AS s1    
        
22、查询每门课程被选修的学生数；
    SELECT course.cid AS 课程ID,course.cname AS 课程名,COUNT(1) AS 学生数 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY score.course_id; 
23、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名；
    SELECT student.sid AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名 FROM student
        WHERE sid IN (SELECT student_id FROM score GROUP BY student_id HAVING count(1)=1)    
        
24、查询男生、女生的人数；
    SELECT gender AS 性别,COUNT(1) AS 人数 FROM student GROUP BY gender;

25、查询姓“张”的学生名单；
    SELECT * FROM student WHERE sname LIKE "张%"
    
26、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数；
    SELECT sname As 姓名,COUNT(1) AS 人数 FROM student GROUP BY sname; 

27、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列；
    SELECT
        course.cid AS 课程ID,
        course.cname AS 课程名,
        AVG(IF(ISNULL(num),0,score.num)) AS 平均分
    FROM score LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id = course.cid 
        GROUP BY score.course_id ORDER BY 平均分 ASC,课程ID DESC;
    
28、查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩；
    SELECT student.sid AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名,AVG(if(isnull(num),0,score.num)) AS 平均分 
    FROM score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid 
        GROUP BY score.student_id HAVING 平均分>85;
    
29、查询课程名称为“数学”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数；
    SELECT student.sid AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名,score.num AS 成绩 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid
        LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id= student.sid
            WHERE course.cname="数学" AND score.num<60；

30、查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；
    SELECT student.sid AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名 FROM student WHERE sid IN 
        (SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE score.course_id =3 AND num > 80) 

31、求选了课程的学生人数
    SELECT COUNT(A.student_id) AS 总人数 
        FROM (SELECT student_id FROM score GROUP BY student_id) AS A

    SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT student_id) AS 总人数 FROM score;
    
32、查询选修“杨艳”老师(这个老师没有，就以张磊老师举例)所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩；
    SELECT student.sid AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名,num AS 成绩 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid
        LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid
        LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id=teacher.tid
            WHERE teacher.tname = "张磊老师" ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 1;
    
33、查询各个课程及相应的选修人数；
    SELECT course_id AS ID,course.cname AS 课程,count(1) AS 人数 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY course_id
34、查询不同课程但成绩相同的学生的学号、课程号、学生成绩；
    SELECT DISTINCT s1.student_id,s1.course_id,s1.num FROM score AS s1,score AS s2
        WHERE s1.student_id    != s2.student_id AND s1.course_id!=s2.course_id AND s1.num=s2.num 

35、查询每门课程成绩最好的前两名；
    SELECT cid AS 课程ID,cname AS 课程,
        (SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id=s1.cid GROUP BY num ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 0,1) AS 第一,
        (SELECT num FROM score AS s2 WHERE s2.course_id=s1.cid GROUP BY num ORDER BY num DESC LIMIT 1,1) AS 第二
    FROM course AS s1

36、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号；
    SELECT student_id FROM score GROUP BY student_id HAVING count(course_id)>=2

37、查询全部学生都选修的课程的课程号和课程名；
    SELECT course.cid AS 课程号,course.cname AS 课程名 FROM score 
        LEFT JOIN course ON score.course_id=course.cid GROUP BY score.course_id
            HAVING COUNT(student_id)=(SELECT COUNT(sid) FROM student)

38、查询没学过“李平”老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名；
    SELECT student.sid,student.sname FROM student
        WHERE student.sid not IN (SELECT student_id FROM score 
            WHERE course_id IN(SELECT cid FROM course 
                LEFT JOIN teacher ON course.teacher_id=teacher.tid 
                    WHERE teacher.tname="李平老师" ) GROUP BY student_id)
        
39、查询两门以上不及格课程的同学的学号及其平均成绩；
    SELECT score.student_id AS 学号,student.sname AS 姓名,
    (SELECT AVG(if(ISNULL(A.num),0,A.num)) FROM score AS A
        WHERE A.student_id IN (SELECT student_id FROM score WHERE num<60 
            GROUP BY student_id HAVING COUNT(1)>=2)) AS 平均成绩 
    FROM score LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid 
        WHERE num<60 GROUP BY student_id HAVING COUNT(1)>2
    
标准：    
    SELECT student_id AS 学号,sname AS 姓名,AVG(num) AS 平均成绩 FROM score
    LEFT JOIN student ON score.student_id=student.sid
        WHERE student_id IN (SELECT student_id FROM score 
            WHERE num<60 GROUP BY student_id HAVING COUNT(1)>=2) 
                GROUP BY student_id
        
40、检索“004”课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的同学学号；
    SELECT student_id,num FROM score 
        WHERE score.course_id=4 AND num <60 ORDER BY num ASC

41、删除“002”同学的“001”课程的成绩；
    delete from score where student_id=2 and corse_id=1;

酸辣粉 · 酸辣粉

我是几楼？

成都校区 · 成都校区

Can_Chen · Can_Chen

盖楼盖楼

Lock2333 · Lock2333

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

Lock2333 · Lock2333

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

王小川 · 王小川

初来乍到

GhostMen · GhostMen

666666666666666666666666666

Lock2333 · Lock2333

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

Lock2333 · Lock2333

水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水

王小川 · 王小川

听说有十个字能得经验

王小川 · 王小川

标准的十个字有点难啊

tangyujie. · tangyujie.

看不懂是真的看不懂。
世界真奇妙。

王小川 · 王小川

再来发不怕没有十个字

s1712179621 · s1712179621

哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈哈

touchmyth · touchmyth

这个sql可以哎

Nikola · Nikola

数据库是懂这些就行吗，sure?

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[技术笔记] 【成都校区】关于sql语句的练习

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